Emergency-brake.



N0. 707.465. Patented Aug. I9, |902.

C. VOGEL.

EMERGENCY BRAKE.

(Application filed Mar. 7, 1902.)

(No Modal.)

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successori-seeks.

SPECIFICATION forming' part To @ZZ whom ima/,y concern:

Be it known. that l, CARL VOGEL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Newburgh, in the county of Orange and State of ew York, have invented a new and Improved Emergency-Brake, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description. The purpose of the invention is to provide anemergencyhbrake or abrake auxiliary to the regular brake adapted for use in connecT tion with cars, locomotives, and like vehicles, which can be instantly brought into service io check the motion of the vehicle whether traveling upon a level surface'or up or down grade or hill or over an icy surface by digging in the surface.

Another purpose of the invention is to so the brake that it through gravity, and also to provide pneumatic and springv cushions for relieving the shock incident to a sudden and positive check in movement, which cushions are automatically brought into action through the mediumof the brake when engaging with the surface over which the car or other vehicle may be traveling. i

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of the several parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specificat'on, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.. Figure 1 is a vertical section through an end portion of a car having the emergency brake applied. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of that portion of the car shown in Fig.' 1 and the improved brake and its connections, a

` portion of said connections being in section and thebrake-bar being of that'form adaptable for overhead'trolleys; and Fig. 3 is a plan view of a brake-bar adapted for applica tion to carsA operated by the underground system.

What may be termed the frame of the brake consists 'of`two strong cylinders A and B, secured upon lthe under surface of the bottom of the car at each side, one back of the' as is shown in Fig. 2. The cylinders of v.l1.etters Patent No. Application filed March 7, 1902. Serial No.

, spring or springs l0.

707,465, dated August 19, 1902. 97,085. (No model.)

A are air-cylinders and are preferably located near the end of the car, while the rear cylinders B, which are longer than the forward icylinders, are each provided with a strong' Each two cylinders are connected by a piston-rod 11, carrying heads 12 and 13, one at each end. These pistonrods have end movement in the cylinders, and when a head'12 oi' a rod ll is at the outer end of the cylinder A the head 13 of the same rod will he at the inner end ofV the cylinder B of the same group of cylinders. A are provided with air-vents 14 at their outerends, and the cylinders B have their airvents l5 at their inner ends, and the springs 10 bear against the inner end surfaces of the cylinders B and againstthe pistonheads in said cylinders.| .rods are moved inward, their outer heads 12 place the air in the cylinders A under eX- pansion, and the heads 13 place the airin the cylinders B under compression, and the springs 10 under tension. Thus at the invWard movement of the piston-rodsI they meet with the combined resistance of the air and the spring-cushions, and as soon as the pis'- ton-rods are released the springsl() return them to their normal position.

The brake-bar O when it is to be used in with an overhead-trolley car or with vehicles having no slots or obstructions centrally between the tracks is constructed as shown in Fig. 2, in which the main or body portions 16 of the bar approach a V shape, and where its members intersect the bar is provided with an outwardly-extending arm 17 in the same horizontal plane with the body and at the outer end of the arm 17 kept from slipping by means of clutches, to be hereinafter described. The beak is held at an obtuse angle to the horizontal of the car, and the inclination of said beak is downward and outward.

The body members 16 of the brake4bar O arejonrnaled in bearing-boxes 19, secured to or made integral with the piston-rods 11, and

When the piston-4 The cylinders ICO said bearing-boxes 19 when thepiston-rods 11 are in their normalposition are quite close to y the inner ends of the cylinders A. Each bearing-block is provided with an inner and outer clutch-face, andsuch clutch-faces are formed ,recesses 20 of the boxes, and the lugs '23 are so placed. as to be within the recesses 21 of 'l the boxes.; Normally the brake-bar is held quite close to-the bottom vof the car, with its body in a horizontal position, as is shown in Fig. Sl, through the medium of chain 24, at-Y tached to' the arm 17 of the brake-bar and eX- itending up'through an vopening in the plati form of the car toan engagement with a fasteningdevice of such a nature that the chain can be readily cast loose therefrom entirely or y in part. As shown, when the brake-bar C is in v its upper or horizontal positionthe lugs 22 in` the recesses 2O of the bearing-boxes are horizontal and face the cylinders A, while the opposing lugs 23 in the recesses 2l point downward. Thus in operation if. the chain 24 be cast loosethe brake-bar C will drop of its own weight and-the beak 18 of the brake-bar will strike the groundor the surface over which the car is moving at an obtuse angle and will dig into said surface to bring the car toa standstill and will hold it in such position. As the brake-bar is brought into positive and digging engagement with the surface the, brake-bar is turned beneath the car and the lugs 22 bear against the. inner wallsof the recesses 20, and the lugs 23 will rest upon the upper walls. of the recesses 2l, and as the body of the car moves forward by reason of its inherent force and the brakelba'rremaius stationary at an obtuse angie to thefhorizontal of the car the piston-rods llwill be forced inward and the piston-heads will expand the air in the cylinders A and will compress the air in the cylinders B and place the springs inthe said cylinders B under-tension, thus Aproviding cushions to -relieve the occupants of theA car from undue shock..' When the beak of the brake-bar is removed from the ground, the springs in the cylinders B'act to return the pistons to their'normal positions.

It will be observed that brake-bars may be placed at each end of the cars, so that the cars may be stopped when goingdownhill,

as well as be prevented from slipping back -when going uphill.

e In Fig.` 3 I have illustrated a lform ofl brakebar C' which is adapted for use on cars operatod by the underground trolley system, and in this form of brake-bar two arms 17 extend from the body member 'ofthe bar,y

and each. arm 17L is provided with abeak 18n at an obtuse angle tothe "arm with which it is connected. 'These arms, 'with theirbeaks,

are located one at each side of the center of the brake-bar; butfthe construction at the journaled ends of the brake-bar shown inl Fig. is the lsame as that of the brake-bar shown in Fig. 2. v

I desire' it to be u nderstood that the brake'- bar may be shaped differently; than illustrated, as demanded by the construction of the carto which application is to be made, l

and in order not to interfere with any mechanism at the bottom of the car it is necessary only that when the brake is applied it shall strike the surface over which the car is passing at an obtuse angle to the horizontal of the car and atl a point in advance of the' line of travel or rearward of thesame, according to Whether the car is to be stopped in ,its advance vor in its rearward movement.

I 'further desire it to be understood that the construction of the clutch mechanism shown and described may be changed without departing from thev spirit 'c'f the invention, it being only necessary that the clutches shall act to prevent the be'ak, .of 4the bra'kef'roxn slippingfrom-its operative position-'-name1y,

when it digs into the ground.' All ofthe improved brakes upon a trai-n'may be operi ated from the engine orfrom any special car 'inthetrain y l i. e Having thus described my invention, 'I l claimv as new and desire to secure by Letters, Patentl.' 1. vAn emergency-brake for cars andother vehicles, comprisingv a brake-,bar having a body portion ,consisting of curved members and mountedto tnrn'at its ends, the said b ody portion being provided with an arm/at an angle to the body of the bar and' in `the same plane with said body, arbeakextending downwardly and outwardlyfrom the arm at an obtuse angle'tothesame, andy means for limiting lche turning'movement 'of' the brake-.bar t0 hold it in operative position, the movement of the vehicle forcing the beak into the surface ovenwhich the vehicle is passing, as set forth.

2. yInemergen(ey-brakes,` cylinders adapted A for attachment to a car, pistons for the cylinders, bearings secured to thepistons, a brakebar havingits ends journaled in saidbearings and provided with an arm' at an angle to the body of the bar andin the same plane therewith, a beak extending at an obtusel angle from the arm in a downward and outward direction, andmeans for operating the pistonrods in one direction through the rotation of the brake-bar, as described. i

3. In emergency-brakes,cylinders arranged in pairs, the cylinders of a pair being one behind the other, which cylinders are adapted for attachment to a car, springs located in the e inner cylinders, pistons operatingin the cylinders of a pair and against the springs in the inner cylinders,- bearing-boxes secured to the pistons at points between the cylinders, said bearing-boxes having angular recesses in their -side surfaces, facing in opposite directions and extending from the front and rear faces for raising the said brake-bar, which brakebar is-adapted to drop through gravity, as and for the purpose specied.

4. The combination with the body of a car, of a gravity emergency-brake, comprising a bar journaled at itsends in bearings carried by asupport mounted to slide beneath the car, the said bar being provided with a beak at an obtuse angle to the body of the car and` having a downward and means for raising the said brake, the brake being arranged to drop through gravity and the beak being adapted to strike and dig into the surface over which the car is passing,.at an obtuse angle to the body of 'the car, means for limiting the turning movement of the brake-bar in its bearings, to hold the brake in operative position, and a cushion device for the sliding support for the bearingsvfor the brake-bar, as set forth. y

5. The combination with the body of a car, of a gravity emergency-brake comprising a bar pivoted at its ends in bearings beneath the car and provided with a beak at an obtuse angle to the body of the car and havingr a downward and outward inclination, which beak is adapted rte. strike the surface over which the car ispassing, at an obtuse angle to the horizontal of the car, means for limiting the turning movement of the brake-bar in its bearings, and cushions operated by the movement of the brakefbar to check the car, as and for the purpose set forth.

brake jonrnaled extending atan- A vehicles, comprising a brake-bar outward inclination,l

6. In emergencybrakes, the `combination with the body of a 'car or other vehicle, of cylinders secured tothe under surface of the body of the vehicle piston-rod provided with heads operating in the cylinders, a bearing on the piston-rod at a point between the cylinders, and a gravityin the bearing and adapted to engage the surface over which the vehicle is passing, as described.

7. In emergency-brakes, cylinders adapted for attachment to a car or other vehicle, pis,- ytons for the said cylinders, bearings secured to the piston-rods, and a brake-bar having its ends journaled in said bearings and provided with a member adapted t0 engage the surface over which the vehicle maybe travone behind the other, a

eling, and means for operating the pistonrods in one direction from the brake-bar as set forth.' l

8. An emergency-brake for cars and other having a body portion consisting of curved members, the body portion being mounted to turn at `its ends and provided at said ends with means for limiting their turning movement,` the brake-bar having'an outwardly-extending arm at an angle tothe body of the bar and in the 'same plane with said the outer end of said arm at an obtuse angle to the same, for the purpose set forth. 1

. 9.. The combination .with the body of a car or other vehicle, of a gravity emergencybrake journaled beneath the car and provided with a beak adapted to engage the surface overwhich the ca'r ispassing, and a clutch connection between the brake and the bearing in which it is journaled, to limit the turning movement of the brake and hold it in operative position,.as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. CARL VOGEL. Witnesses:

J. FRED. ACKER, i. i JNO. M. RITTER.

body, and a beak vextending downwardly and outwardly from 

